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Definition:
The phrase a priori is a Latin term which literally means before (the fact). When used in
reference to knowledge questions, it means a type of knowledge which is derived without
experience or observation. Many consider mathematical truths to be a priori,
because they are true regardless of experiment or observation. For example:
2 + 2 = 4
The above is a statement which can be known a priori.
When used in reference to arguments, it means an argument which argues solely from general principles and through logical inferences.
The term a posteriori literally mean after (the fact). When used in reference to knowledge questions, it means a type of knowledge which is derived through experience or observation. Today, the term empirical has generally replaced this. Many empiricists, like Locke and Hume, have argued that all knowledge is essentially a posteriori and that a priori knowledge simply isn't possible.
The distinction between a priori and a posteriori is closely related to the distinctions between analytic / synthetic and necessary / contingent.
Also Known As: none
Alternate Spellings: none
Common Misspellings: none
Related Resources:
What is the Logic and the Philosophy of Language?
The two fields Logic and the Philosophy of Language are often treated separately, but they are nevertheless close enough that they are presented together here. Logic is the study of methods of reasoning and argumentation, both proper and improper. The Philosophy of Language, on the other hand, involves the study of how our language interacts with our thinking.What is Philosophy?
What is philosophy? Is there any point in studying philosophy, or is it a useless subject? What are the different branches of philosophy - what's the difference between aestheitcs and ethics? What's the difference between metaphysics and epistemology?
