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1187
After five days of scouting the city and the immediate surrounding area, Saladin launches his assault to retake Jerusalem from the Christian occupiers. Every male Christian had been given a weapon, whether they knew how to fight or not. The Christian citizens of Jerusalem would rely on a miracle to save them.
1729
Jewish philosopher Moses Mendelssohn was born in Dessau, Germany.
1833
British freethinker Charles Bradlaugh was born.
1889
German philosopher Martin Heidegger was born.
1897
Pope Paul VI, was born.
1906
The first General Assembly of the Church of God was organized. It is the oldest Pentecostal Church denomination in the United States with roots going back to 1886.
1947
Britain announces to the UN general assembly that it would end its Palestinian Mandate.
1952
Spanish philosopher and poet George Santayana died at the age of 88 in Rome, Italy.
1981
Sandra Day O'Connor was sworn in as the first female justice on the U.S. Supreme Court.
1986
Antonin Scalia was sworn in as an Associate Supreme Court Justice.
1990
In Russia, the Supreme Soviet ends decades of religious repression with a new declaration forbidding government interference in religious activities and giving citizens the right to study religion in homes and private schools.
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