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1048
Pope Damasus II died.
1187
The city of Beirut is captured by Saladin.
1471
Sixtus IV was elected pope. Sixtus took measures to repress heresy and created the Spanish Inquisition at the request of of King Ferdinand of Aragon and Queen Isabella of Castile.
1896
Jean Piaget was born. Piaget was an influential developmental psychologist during the 20th century.
1919
Ernst Haeckel died in Jena, Germany. Haeckel was an influential zoologist whose work on evolution served to inspire some of the racist theories of the Nazis.
1942
Edith Stein died in Auschwitz.
2001
In Jerusalem, a Palestinian suicide bomber detonated an explosive inside a pizzeria at lunchtime. The toll was 15 killed and about 90 others wounded.
2002
The U.S. Justice Department files an appeal of the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals' ruling in the Newdow vs. U.S. Congress case in which the court struck down the addition of the phrase "under God" to the Pledge of Allegiance as unconstitutional.
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