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1099
Crusaders breach the walls of Jerusalem at two points: Godfrey De Bouillon and his brother Baldwin at St. Stephen's Gate on the north wall and Count Raymond at the Jaffa Gate on the west wall, thus allowing them to capture the city. Estimates place the number of casualties as high as 100,000. Tancred of Hauteville, a grandson of Robert Guiscard and nephew of Bohemund of Taranto, is the first Crusader through the walls. The day is Friday, Dies Veneris, the anniversary of when Christians believe that Jesus redeemed the world and is the first of two days of unprecedented slaughter.
1149
The Crusader Church of the Holy Sepulcher is officially dedicated.
1189
Jabala Castle surrenders to Saladin.
1205
Pope Innocent III asserted that Jews are doomed to perpetual servitude and subjugation due to role in the crucifixion of Jesus Christ.
1274
Saint Bonaventure, a leading Franciscan theologian and author, died.
1546
The Schmalkaldic War was launched by Charles V to put an end to the Schmalkaldic League of Lutheran nobility.
1892
Walter Benjamin, literary critic and writer, was born.
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