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1111
Death of Bohemond I (Bohemond Of Otranto, French Bohemond De Tarente), prince of Otranto (1089-1111) in Canossa, Apulia. One of the leaders of the First Crusade, Bohemond had been largely responsible for the capture of Antioch and he had secured the title Prince of Antioch (1098-1101, 1103-04).
1513
Pope Leo X was elected pope.
1917
British troops occupied Baghdad, Iraq.
1936
Supreme Court Justice Antonin Scalia was born.
1943
Argued: West Virginia State Board of Education v. Barnette
The Supreme Court ruled 8-1 that a school district violated the rights of students by forcing them to salute the American flag.
1949
Transjordan and Israel signed a cease-fire agreement.
1956
Ninety-six senators and congressmen from southern states signed a manifesto promising to use all legal means possible in order to resist and reverse the Supreme Court decision of Brown v. Board of Education (1954) which outlawed racial segregation in public schools.
1957
Egyptian President Nasser appointed General Hassan Abdel Latif as military governor of the Gaza Strip, even though the United Nations at the time had administrative control over the area. This move alarmed Israel and other nations who feared that Nasser had plans to move military units into the area, but Nasser assured them that had no such intentions.
1977
After two days, Muslim gunmen released the 134 hostages they had taken prisoner in Washington, D.C.
1978
Palestinian terrorists took control of an Israeli bus near Haifa and attempted to drive it, along with its passengers, to Tel Aviv. Gun battles with police along the way caused the bus to burst into flame and 37 civilians were ultimately killed
2004
In Madrid, ten bombs on commuter trains killed over 200 people and wounded more than 1400. This was the largest toll of any terrorist attack in Europe (in the 1988 Lockerbie bombing more were killed but fewer were wounded).
2004
The California Supreme Court issued a stay ordering San Francisco officials to cease issuing marriage licenses to same-sex couples.
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