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1496
Jews are expelled from Carintha, Austria.
1497
Nicolaus Copernicus made his first recorded astronomical observation.
1509
Martin Luther received his Bachelor's degree.
1907
The first U.S. eugenic sterilization law was passed by the Indiana legislature. This law allowed for sterilization of "confirmed criminals, idiots, imbeciles, and rapists." By 1917, fourteen more states followed this example. A variety of "defectives" were forced to undergo sterilization, including epileptics, the mentally ill, those with low IQ scores, and a variety of criminals. By 1929, twenty-three states had eugenics laws on the books, providing for the sterilization of various types of citizens in order to eliminate any possible progeny. The Indiana law was struck down by the Indiana State Supreme Court in 1921 but replaced by similar one in 1923. Eventually, the 1942 Supreme Court case of Skinner v. State of Oklahoma invalidated all such laws.
1907
Mircea Eliade was born in Bucharest, Romania.
1948
Decided: McCollum v. Board of Education
By a 6-1 vote the Supreme Court would agree with Mrs. McCollum, an atheist mother, and disallowed the practice of having religious education to take place in public school classrooms during the school day.
1956
The British government banished Archbishop Makarios, head of the Cypriote Orthodox Church, to the Seychelles Island in the Indian Ocean. Makarios had been making it difficult for Britain to maintain control of the Island - Britain wanted it for a naval base, but most Cypriotes wanted to join Greece and Makarios was the leader of the "Union with Greece" movement.
1959
The Arab League warns the governments of Poland, Hungary, and Romania that continued Jewish emigration to Israel aids in the "aggression on Arab states."
1965
Three white Unitarian ministers participating in a civil rights demonstration on the streets of Selma, Alabama, were beaten by a mob. One, Rev. James J. Reeb, died later in a Birmingham, Alabama hospital.
1972
Iraq and the Soviet Union signed a 15-year treaty of "friendship and cooperation."
2004
In Turkey, a restaurant frequented by freemasons was attacked by two Islamic suicide bombers killing one and injuring five.
2004
Abu Abbas, founder of the Palestine Liberation Front and leader of the 1985 hijacking of the Achille Lauro, died in Iraq while in U.S. custody. Anonymous American officials reported that he had died of natural causes .
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