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1190
Crusaders slaughter Jews in Stamford, England.
1274
Medieval theologian Thomas Aquinas died.
1724
Pope Innocent XIII died at the age of 68.
1941
Argued: Cox v. New Hampshire
The Supreme Court unanimously upheld the convictions of Jehovah's Witnesses for engaging in a public parade without a license.
1965
Celebrating mass at a parish church in Italy, Pope Paul VI faced the congregation instead of having his back to it as had been the custom for centuries. He also spoke in Italian rather than Latin for most of the most of the service. These were two of the changes recommended by the Second Vatican Council, moving Roman Catholic laity into more active participation in the "central mystery of the mass."
2004
The headquarters of the US-led coalition in Baghdad was attacked by rockets fired by Iraqi guerillas, just one day before the new Iraqi temporary constitution was to be signed.
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