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0356
Emperor Constantius II closed all pagan temples, continuing the policies of his predecessor, emperor Constantine the Great .
0607
Boniface III was elected pope.
0842
The Iconoclastic Controversy ended when Constantinople formally accepted the veneration of icons in churches and worship services.
1199
Pope Innocent III issues a bull which assigns the uniform of a white tunic with a black cross to the Teutonic Knights. This uniform is worn during the Crusades.
1473
Nicolaus Copernicus was born.
1539
Jews were expelled from Tyrnau, Hungary.
1788
In Prussia the Edict of Censorship was issued. Designed to suppress the writings of the Rosicrucians, it had the unfortunate side-effect of preventing Immanuel Kant from publishing or speaking out on religious matters for some time.
1916
Ernst Mach died.
1942
Presidential Executive Order 9066 began placing 100,000 persons of Japanese ancestry (of which over 2/3 were American-born citizens) into ten "relocation centers" for the duration of WWII. During confinement within the armed, barbed-wire surroundings, however, prayer meetings, Bible studied and worship services were held.
1965
The Constitutional Court, Italy's highest court, ruled that Italians could speak about and write in favor of birth control so long as they did not undermine the "modesty which should surround sexual things." The publication of information about birth control had been banned in Italy since the fascist government of Mussolini had taken power.
1975
Argued: Meek v. Pittenger
The Supreme Court would invalidate most of two Pennsylvania laws providing for instructional materials and equipment to religious schools because most of that aid could be easily diverted to religious purposes.
1997
Argued: Boerne v. Flores
The Court ruled against an Archbishop and in favor of the city of Borne, finding that the Congress did indeed exceed its authority by passing the RFRA and that governments did not have to use the "compelling government interest" test.
2001
The House Committee on State Administration in Montana voted 14-4 against a bill requiring science teachers to explain "additional theories of origin" alongside evolution.
2002
Speaking before the National Religious Broadcasters Convention in Nashville, Tennessee, Attorney General John Ashcroft stated that "Civilized people - Muslims, Christians and Jews - all understand that the source of freedom and human dignity is the Creator. Civilized people of all religious faiths are called to the defense of His creation," implying that atheists. simply aren't civilized.
2003
Elizaphan Ntakirutimana, a former pastor at a Rwandan Seventh Day Adventist Church, was convicted (along with his son) by a U.N. war crimes tribunal of genocide for orchestrating the slaughter of hundreds of Tutsis who sought refuge at his church complex. Ntakirutimana was the first church leader convicted by the International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda.
2004
In Iran, reformist newspapers Shargh and Yas-e-no were shut down by the judiciary, just one day before parliamentary elections.
2004
According to Kuwaiti newspaper A-Siasa, Palestinian and international terrorist organizations decided at a conference in Beirut to launch a wave of terrorism against Israeli and Jewish interests around the word. The conference was allegedly attended by senior members of the Syrian, Lebanese and Iranian intelligence services who provided a list of Israeli intelligence officials to be assassinated. Organizations participating were supposed to include Al-Qaeda, Ansar al-Islam, Hezbollah, Hamas, and Islamic Jihad.
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